Eurozone crisis: New EU treaty 'may not be needed'
EU leaders will be discussing ways of fixing the euro at the two-day summit
Tougher rules to tackle the eurozone debt crisis can be achieved without changing EU treaties, European Council President Herman Van Rompuy says.
In a leaked report for a crucial EU summit beginning on Thursday, he offers a fast-track "fiscal compact" that does not need lengthy ratification by parliaments or national referendums. Germany and France are pushing for a new EU treaty by March, saying stricter rules should be enshrined there.
The US has backed their plans.
But Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner said the US Federal Reserve had no plans to give money to the International Monetary Fund to boost the eurozone's bailout fund.
Mr Geithner, who is meeting all major eurozone leaders during his three-day visit of Europe, stressed that more action was needed to boost economic growth in Europe, alongside the longer-term reforms. He meets President Nicolas Sarkozy in Paris on Wednesday.
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Mr Van Rompuy was asked by all EU leaders at a previous summit to come up with a paper containing options. One of the things he says was you could make some changes in existing treaties. He admits that they wouldn't go as far as you could go if you did change the treaties. There's a way, he believes, that you could amend items which wouldn't amount to treaty change.
But for some of the things Germany is insisting on, much closer to automatic sanctions against the countries that break the rules, then you probably do need to amend part of the treaty, and for that you need all 27 states to agree to it, whether they're inside the euro or not.
And all 27 countries have their little red lines. Compared even to 10 years ago when the EU was much smaller, a negotiation of this complexity will be extremely difficult to resolve.
'Negative implications'Analysis
Mr Van Rompuy was asked by all EU leaders at a previous summit to come up with a paper containing options. One of the things he says was you could make some changes in existing treaties. He admits that they wouldn't go as far as you could go if you did change the treaties. There's a way, he believes, that you could amend items which wouldn't amount to treaty change.
But for some of the things Germany is insisting on, much closer to automatic sanctions against the countries that break the rules, then you probably do need to amend part of the treaty, and for that you need all 27 states to agree to it, whether they're inside the euro or not.
And all 27 countries have their little red lines. Compared even to 10 years ago when the EU was much smaller, a negotiation of this complexity will be extremely difficult to resolve.
Mr Van Rompuy will be chairing the two-day summit, and all the signs are that it could be a bruising affair, the BBC's European affairs correspondent Chris Morris reports.
In the interim report, details of which have been obtained by the media, Mr Van Rompuy proposes a plan aimed at agreeing a "new fiscal compact" without holding a referendum or ratification by the parliaments of each eurozone country. The draft says that tougher fiscal reforms can be adopted simply by amending a protocol - a procedure that needs national consensus but does not require substantial changes to the EU treaties.
This, Mr Van Rompuy argues, would speed up the implementation of reforms and remove any potential political complications.
The interim report contains the following key provisions:
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Five crucial days for the euro
- Monday: Nicolas Sarkozy and Angela Merkel propose tighter eurozone controls
- Italian PM Mario Monti seeks parliamentary approval for his austerity package
- Tuesday: US Treasury Secretary Timothy Geithner arrives in Germany before travelling to France and Italy for talks with euro leaders
- Wednesday: The talking continues as many EU leaders gather in Marseille for a European People's Party congress
- Thursday: ECB's monthly policy meeting could produce new measures
- Thursday and Friday: Crucial EU summit in Brussels to consider Sarkozy-Merkel plan
- Each eurozone member's budget deficit should be below 3% of GDP and national debt under 60%
- A "golden rule" should be enshrined into national legislation to guarantee a balanced budget in the medium-term
- The eurozone bailout fund to be given a banking licence to borrow directly from the European Central Bank
- The European Commission to have the power to impose austerity measures automatically on countries which require bailouts
However, Mr Van Rompuy acknowledges that more far-reaching reforms would eventually require a change in EU treaties.
Some of the report's proposals tally with the Franco-German plan how to tackle the crisis, but some do not.
Paris and Berlin appear to be pushing through more radical measures, our correspondent says, and if all 27 EU members cannot agree, then they are prepared to work towards a new treaty involving the eurozone bloc and any other country that wants to join.
Such a move could leave Britain - a non-eurozone EU member - feeling more isolated, he says.
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Crisis jargon buster
Use the dropdown for easy-to-understand explanations of key financial terms:
AAA-rating
The best credit rating that can be given to a borrower's debts, indicating that the risk of borrowing defaulting is minuscule.
UK Prime Minister David Cameron has said he will not sign a new treaty without safeguards for to protect financial interests of the City of London and Britain's role in the European single market.
But such is the depth of the crisis surrounding the eurozone that the main focus is not on the EU solidarity but on restoring market confidence in whatever way proves possible, our correspondent says.Earlier this week, Standard & Poor's put all eurozone nations on credit watch "with negative implications".
The ratings agency said the decision was prompted "by our belief that systemic stresses in the eurozone have risen in recent weeks to the extent that they now put downward pressure on the credit standing of the eurozone as a whole".
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